abstract：:The pharmacokinetics of styrene were investigated in male Sprague-Dawley rats and male B6C3F1 mice using the closed chamber technique. Animals were exposed to styrene vapors of initial concentrations ranging from 550 to 5000 ppm, or received intraperitoneal (i.p.) doses of styrene from 20 to 340 mg/kg or oral (p.o.) d...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Filser JG,Schwegler U,Csanády GA,Greim H,Kreuzer PE,Kessler W

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amoscanate, a substance which damages photoreceptors, was administered orally to Wistar rats in doses of 10, 40, and 125 mg/kg body weight once daily for 3 or 10 days. At both times electroretinographic, ophthalmological, and histopathological examinations of the retina were carried out to compare the sensitivity of c...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Maertins T,Kroetlinger F,Sander E,Pauluhn J,Machemer L

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A predictive test using mice for the identification of contact sensitizing chemicals was developed. Contact sensitizing activity is measured as a function of draining lymph node activation following application of test chemical. Experimental conditions for assessment of induced lymph node cell (LNC) responses have bee...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Ikarashi Y,Tsuchiya T,Nakamura A

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of equimolar doses of the triphenylethylene antiestrogens tamoxifen and toremifene on female Sprague-Dawley rat liver were studied in a 52-week toxicity study which included a 13-week recovery period. Liver tumors were found in four out of five rats at the highest dose level of tamoxifen (45 mg/kg per day)...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Hirsimäki P,Hirsimäki Y,Nieminen L,Payne BJ

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chondrotoxicity is a rare toxicological finding which is observed in dogs after administration of quinolone antibacterials. To study this effect chondrocytes from articular cartilage of dogs were isolated, and incubated with quinolone derivatives. The effects on cell viability, mitochondrial dehydrogenase, and proteog...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Hildebrand H,Kempka G,Schlüter G,Schmidt M

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the influence of the dopamine antagonist haloperidol on the neurotransmitter content in the developing rat brain. Dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT) and the corresponding metabolites dopac, HVA and HIAA were determined in the corpus striatum of the rat between day 1 and day 21 pn by HPLC with electro-chem...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Schwabe R,Thiel R,Chahoud I,Neubert D

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The "closed chamber technique" (CCT) is presented. It allows investigation of pharmacokinetics of volatile substances in vivo in animals and in man and in vitro using tissue fractions. During the exposure period only the atmospheric concentrations of the substance are measured. The concentration-time data obtained are...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Filser JG

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The reliable analytical method for total morphine in hair was established by GC/MS-SIM. The calibration curve for morphine in hair showed linear over 0.5-100 ng/mg hair. Though the limit of detection was 0.1 ng/mg hair with an S/N > 3 of the base ion(m/z 429) for morphine, the limit of confirmation by detection of thr...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Nakahara Y,Takahashi K,Shimamine M,Saitoh A

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Liver microsomes were prepared from Wistar rat by the Ca2+ aggregation method. Under various conditions, ethyl mercury chloride (EtHgCl) or methyl mercury chloride (MeHgCl) was incubated with the microsomal preparations. After the incubation, the amounts of inorganic Hg and hydroxyl radical (.OH) in the preparations w...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Suda I,Hirayama K

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The binding characteristics of [14C]ortho-toluidine (OT), a suspect human carcinogen, were investigated in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were administered [14C]OT i.p. at 10, 20, 40, 50, or 100 mg/kg body weight, then sacrificed at 2, 4, 8, 18, 24, 48, or 72 h, or 7, 14, or 28 days. Hemoglobin (Hb) and albumin (Alb) ...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： DeBord DG,Swearengin TF,Cheever KL,Booth-Jones AD,Wissinger LA

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aciclovir (synonym: acyclovir) causes abnormal thymus development in rats. After treatment on day 10 of gestation a weight reduction of the organ is obvious in 21-day-old fetuses which persists postnatally. Adult male rats exposed in utero to one or three injections of 100 mg aciclovir/kg body wt given to the dam on d...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Stahlmann R,Korte M,Van Loveren H,Vos JG,Thiel R,Neubert D

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using isolated rat hepatocytes the biochemical effects of hydrazine have been investigated using both conventional assay techniques and high resolution proton NMR. High resolution proton NMR revealed that hydrazine caused a significant increase in alanine and lactate levels in the incubation buffer, whereas levels of ...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Ghatineh S,Morgan W,Preece NE,Timbrell JA

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC), 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-4-ethyl-1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethylpyridine (EDDC) and griseofulvin to induce porphyria in primary cultures of mouse hepatocytes has been examined. Exposure of cultured mouse hepatocytes to DDC, EDDC or griseofulvin resulted in a marked ...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Brady AM,Lock EA

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Female C57/BL/6 x DBA/2 hybrid mice were exposed to two concentrations (270 and 135 ppm) of tetrachloroethylene (PER) in inhalation chambers for 6 h/day, 5 days per week, up to 11.5 weeks (270 ppm) and 7.5 weeks (135 ppm), respectively, followed by a 3-week exposure-free period. In the peripheral blood a reduction of ...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Seidel HJ,Weber L,Barthel E

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The efficacy of oxime (HI-6, toxogonin or PAM Cl) therapy against GF (cyclohexyl methylphosphonofluoridate) poisoning was assessed in mice. It was found that the combinations of atropine and either toxogonin or HI-6 were effective therapies against GF poisoning. PAM therapy was ineffective. HI-6 was the only oxime whi...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Clement JG

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ultimate purpose of the present study was to evaluate correlations between acute in vivo and in vitro toxicity and log P (P is n-octanol-water partition coefficient). The in vitro toxicity to cloned cells (neuroblastoma N18TG-2 and glioma C6) in culture (ED50) and the in vivo toxicity to mice (LD50) of ethylene gl...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Tanii H,Saito S,Hashimoto K

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We studied the incorporation of cocaine (COC), benzoylecgonine (BE) and ecgonine methyl ester (EME) into hair from blood. At first, the time courses of three drugs in rat plasma following i.p. administration of cocaine were investigated over 360 min. AUCs of COC, BE and EME in plasma were 14.2, 60.7 and 53.4 microgram...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Nakahara Y,Ochiai T,Kikura R

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Etridiazole, 5-ethoxy-3-trichloromethyl-1,2,4-thiadiazole, was orally administered to rats and human volunteers. Two metabolites of etridiazole were synthesized: 5-ethoxy-1,2,4-thiadiazole-3-carboxylic acid (ET-CA) and N-acetyl-S-(5-ethoxy-1,2,4-thiadiazol-3-yl-methyl)-L-cysteine (ET-MA). Selective and sensitive analy...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： van Welie RT,Mensert R,Van Duyn P,Vermeulen NP

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Groups of adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated i.p. with 0, 0.3 and 0.5 mmole bromobenzene (BB)/kg per day in corn oil, 5 days a week for 4 weeks. Thereafter, one half of each of these groups was treated i.p. with a single acute toxic dose of 2.5 mmole BB/kg. Urines were then collected for 24 h and the animals ...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Chakrabarti S

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of acetone on liver, kidney, and lung monooxygenases were studied using hamsters administered 8% acetone in drinking water. Binding of aniline to liver microsomes induced a type II difference spectrum, and the spectral binding was enhanced in hamsters pretreated with acetone. Administration of acetone caus...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Ueng TH,Tsai JN,Ju JM,Ueng YF,Iwasaki M,Guengerich FP

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of perfusion with a medium containing 12 or 24 micrograms Cadmium (as CdCl2) per ml on this metal's accumulation, transfer rate and metallothionein (MT) level. The experiments were performed with an isolated lobule of a dually-perfused human term placenta....

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Boadi WY,Yannai S,Urbach J,Brandes JM,Summer KH

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) caused a dose-dependent increase in urinary taurine which correlated with both the histological and biochemical assessment of liver damage. The peak elevation in urinary taurine occurred within the first 48 h after dosing but there was still significant taurinuria 72 and 96 h after the inte...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Waterfield CJ,Turton JA,Scales MD,Timbrell JA

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mice in experimental delay of implantation were injected intravenously with 75 micrograms.g-1 body weight of lead chloride, corresponding to a dose of lead of about 56 micrograms.g-1 body weight. Delay of implantation was obtained by ovariectomy 3 days after mating followed by a depot dose of progesterone every fifth ...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Nilsson BO,Ljung L,Wide M

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metabolism of isobutene (2-methylpropene) in rats (Sprague Dawley) and mice (B6C3F1) follows kinetics according to Michaelis-Menten. The maximal metabolic elimination rates are 340 mumol/kg/h for rats and 560 mumol/kg/h for mice. The atmospheric concentration at which Vmax/2 is reached is 1200 ppm for rats and 1800 pp...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Csanády GA,Freise D,Denk B,Filser JG,Cornet M,Rogiers V,Laib RJ

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cocaine is an intrinsic hepatotoxin in laboratory animals, and there is growing evidence that high doses of cocaine can precipitate hepatic necrosis in humans. The rodent model of cocaine hepatotoxicity is commensurate with the concept that a multistep mainly cytochrome P-450 dependent N-oxidative pathway is responsib...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Boelsterli UA,Göldlin C

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, acutely toxic doses of the environmental pollutant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) have been reported to affect the hepatic distribution of essential metals in the rat. However, the reduced food intake by TCDD was not taken into account. Therefore, metal concentrations were determined in different...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Elsenhans B,Forth W,Richter E

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The possible formation of singlet oxygen via photoexcited psoralens has been associated with the occurrence of, amongst others, erythema. Therefore it has been suggested to combine PUVA with the topical or systemic administration of antioxidants. However, the effect of these antioxidants on the photobinding of psorale...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Schoonderwoerd SA,Beijersbergen van Henegouwen GM,Persons KC

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The protective effects of various chelating agents such as D-penicillamine (D-PEN), 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), 2,3-dimercaptopropane sulphonate (DMPS), and N-(2-mercapto-2-methylpropanoyl)-L-cysteine (bucillamine), on the renal damage induced by gold sodium thiomalate (AuTM) in rats were studied. Rats were in...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Kojima S,Takahashi Y,Kiyozumi M,Tagawa Y

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metabolism of carbaryl by rat liver and skin post-mitochondrial fraction has been measured in the presence and absence of cofactors to promote different metabolic pathways. The metabolic capacity was compared with the metabolism of carbaryl during percutaneous absorption in a static skin diffusion system using a varie...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： MacPherson SE,Scott RC,Williams FM

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The in vitro DNA strand breaking activity of metallothionein (MT) containing Cd2+ and Zn2+ in a molar ratio of 5:2 is described. Studies with radical scavengers and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy indicate that the DNA damage might be caused by a radical species formed by the native protein (i.e., MT) cha...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Müller T,Schuckelt R,Jaenicke L

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic ciprofibrate administration resulted in distinct differences in hepatic responses between the two species examined. In the rat, hepatomegaly was observed with the coordinate induction of carnitine acetyltransferase, peroxisomal beta-oxidation and cytochrome P450IVA1 activities. The latter induction of cytochro...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Makowska JM,Bonner FW,Gibson GG

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rodents are relatively insensitive to the neurotoxic effects of various organophosphorus compounds. The purpose of this investigation was to determine if differences in inactivation of CBDP could explain the strain differences in the sensitivity to neurotoxicity following administration of TOCP (tri-o-cresyl phosphate...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Clement JG,Erhardt N

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The possible interrelationships between the effects of dietary selenium and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) on growth and lipid metabolism were studied in the male Sprague Dawley rat. Rats were divided into groups and placed on diets containing three levels of selenium (0.04, 0.2, and 1.0 ppm as sodium selenite). Two we...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Borges T,Glauert HP,Chen LC,Chow CK,Robertson LW

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hepatotoxicity of acetaminophen (APAP) overdose depends on metabolic activation to a toxic reactive metabolite via hepatic mixed function oxidase. In vitro studies have indicated that APAP may also be cooxidized by prostaglandin H synthetase. The present experiments were designed to assess the possible contributio...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Ben-Zvi Z,Weissman-Teitellman B,Katz S,Danon A

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The disposition, elimination, and metabolism of 50 mg/kg (1.36 muCi/animal) of tri-o-cresyl [phenyl-U-14C] phosphate after ten daily oral doses was investigated in adult male Fischer 344 rats. Groups of three treated animals were killed at intervals of 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after the last administrations. Generally, th...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Somkuti SG,Abou-Donia MB

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The toxic effect of cyclophosphamide on the proliferative cell population of hair follicles plucked from the human scalp was examined by the in vivo nuclear aberration assay. Patients participating in an independent clinical trial received oral low dose cyclophosphamide, intravenous high dose cyclophosphamide or oral ...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Goldberg MT,Tackaberry LE,Hardy MH,Noseworthy JH

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study was designed to compare the nephrotoxicity induced by the three platinum compounds cisplatin (CDDP), carboplatin (CBDCA) and transplatin (TDDP) in vitro and to obtain information to elucidate the mechanism of platinum compound-induced nephrotoxicity. Rat or rabbit renal cortical slices were incubated...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Hannemann J,Baumann K

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The reduction of 20 microM hexavalent chromium [chromium(VI)] by L-ascorbic acid (AsA) (0.06-2 mM) and/or glutathione (GSH) (2-15 mM) in buffer solutions, cell-free bronchoalveolar lavage fluids or soluble fractions of rat lungs was investigated at physiological pH (37 degrees C). The reduction in AsA solution was pse...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Suzuki Y,Fukuda K

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rat embryos (9.5-day-old) were cultured for 48 h in the presence of nifedipine (NIF), nimodipine (NIM), nitrendipine (NIT), gallopamil HCl (GAL), verapamil HCl (VER) and diltiazem HCl (DIL). The effects on growth and morphogenetic differentiation in vitro were monitored. Dose-response relationships were evaluated, inc...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Stein G,Srivastava MK,Merker HJ,Neubert D

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of acetone pretreatment (5% in drinking water for 10 days on rat liver metabolism and toxicity of thiobenzamide (TB) was investigated. Hepatic microsomes from acetone-pretreated rats showed a significant increase of TB-S-oxidation rate which, on the basis of selective thermal inactivation of FAD-containing ...

journal_title：Archives of toxicology

authors： Chieli E,Saviozzi M,Puccini P,Longo V,Gervasi PG

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00